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Portal:Coronavirus disease 2019

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Coronavirus disease 2019 portal

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COVID-19 symptoms
Symptoms of COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province, and has since spread globally, resulting in the ongoing 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. Common symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Other symptoms may include muscle pain, sputum production, diarrhea, sore throat, loss of smell, and abdominal pain. While the majority of cases result in mild symptoms, some progress to viral pneumonia and multi-organ failure. As of 3 April 2020, more than 1,010,000[1] cases of COVID-19 have been reported in more than two hundred countries and territories, resulting in over 53,000 deaths.[1] More than 210,000 people have recovered.[1]

The virus is mainly spread during close contact, and by small droplets produced when people cough, sneeze, or talk. Respiratory droplets may be produced during breathing but the virus is not generally airborne. People may also contract COVID-19 by touching a contaminated surface and then their face. It is most contagious when people are symptomatic, although spread may be possible before symptoms appear. The virus can survive on surfaces up to 72 hours. Time from exposure to onset of symptoms is generally between two and fourteen days, with an average of five days. The standard method of diagnosis is by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab. The infection can also be diagnosed from a combination of symptoms, risk factors and a chest CT scan showing features of pneumonia.


Recommended measures to prevent infection include frequent hand washing, social distancing (maintaining physical distance from others, especially from those with symptoms), covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue or inner elbow, and keeping unwashed hands away from the face. The use of masks is recommended for those who suspect they have the virus and their caregivers. Recommendations for mask use by the general public vary, with some authorities recommending against their use, some recommending their use, and others requiring their use. Currently, there is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19. Management involves treatment of symptoms, supportive care, isolation, and experimental measures. Read more...
Covid-19-curves-graphic-social-v3.gif

About the virus

Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.jpg

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), previously known by the provisional name 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. It causes the respiratory illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 is contagious in humans, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has designated the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The strain was first discovered in Wuhan, China, so it is sometimes referred to as the "Wuhan virus" or "Wuhan coronavirus". Because the WHO discourages the use of names based upon locations and to avoid confusion with the disease SARS, it sometimes refers to SARS-CoV-2 as "the COVID-19 virus" in public health communications. The general public often call both SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes "coronavirus", but scientists typically use more precise terms.

Taxonomically, SARS-CoV-2 is a strain of Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV). It is believed to have zoonotic origins and has close genetic similarity to bat coronaviruses, suggesting it emerged from a bat-borne virus. An intermediate animal reservoir such as a pangolin is also thought to be involved in its introduction to humans. The virus shows little genetic diversity, indicating that the spillover event introducing SARS-CoV-2 to humans is likely to have occurred in late 2019. Read more...

Recent news

2 April 2020 – 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic
The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 reaches more than one million worldwide. (Sky News)
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Asia
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Lebanon
The Philippines ambassador to Lebanon, Bernardita Catalla, dies from COVID-19 in Beirut, according to the Department of Foreign Affairs. (The New Arab)
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Taiwan
Taiwan donates 10 million masks to countries hardest hit by COVID-19. (ABC News)
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Oceania
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Fiji

More current events...

Disease progress

[show all]
Countries and territories[a] Cases[b] Deaths[c] Recov.[d] Ref.
216 1,015,403 53,030 210,579 [1]
United States[e] 244,646 6,059 10,403 [3][4]
Italy[f] 115,242 13,915 18,278 [7]
Spain[g] 112,065 10,348 26,743 [9]
Germany[h] 84,789 1,109 13,597 [11][10]
China (mainland)[i] 81,620 3,322 76,571 [12]
France[j] 58,441 5,380 10,935 [14][15]
Iran[k] 50,468 3,160 16,711 [17]
United Kingdom[l] 33,718 2,921 191 [18]
Switzerland 18,823 541 4,846 [19]
Turkey 18,135 356 415 [20][21]
Belgium 15,348 1,011 2,495 [22]
Netherlands[m] 14,697 1,339 – [24]
Canada 11,268 138 1,971 [25]
Austria 11,129 158 1,749 [26][27]
South Korea 9,976 169 5,828 [28]
Portugal 9,034 209 68 [29]
Brazil 8,066 327 127 [30][31]
Israel 6,808 33 241 [32]
Sweden[n] 5,568 308 103 [33]
Australia[o] 5,315 26 422 [34][35]
Norway[p] 5,142 50 – [36]
Czech Republic 3,858 44 67 [39]
Ireland 3,849 98 10 [40]
Russia[q] 3,548 30 235 [44]
Chile 3,404 18 373 [45]
Denmark[r] 3,386 123 1,089 [47]
Ecuador 3,163 120 65 [48]
Malaysia 3,116 50 767 [49][50]
Poland 2,946 57 56 [51][30]
Romania 2,738 115 267 [52][53]
Philippines 2,633 107 51 [54][55]
Japan 2,556 63 472 [56]
Luxembourg 2,487 30 80 [57][30]
Pakistan 2,386 33 107 [58]
India 2,069 53 156 [59]
Saudi Arabia 1,885 21 328 [60]
Thailand 1,875 15 505 [61]
Indonesia 1,790 170 112 [62]
Finland[s] 1,513 17 – [66][67]
Greece 1,415 53 53 [68][69]
South Africa 1,462 5 31 [70]
Peru 1,414 55 537 [3][71]
Dominican Republic 1,380 60 16 [72]
Mexico 1,378 37 35 [73][30]
Panama 1,317 32 9 [74][75]
Iceland 1,220 2 236 [76]
Serbia[t] 1,171 31 54 [78][3]
Colombia 1,161 19 55 [79]
Argentina 1,133 32 240 [30][80]
Singapore 1,049 4 266 [81][82]
United Arab Emirates 1,024 8 96 [83][84]
Croatia 1,011 7 88 [85]
Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria 986 86 61 [86]
Ukraine[u] 897 22 19 [87]
Slovenia 897 16 10 [88]
Estonia 858 11 33 [89]
Qatar 835 2 71 [90]
Hong Kong 802 4 154 [91]
Egypt[v] 850 52 179 [92][93]
Iraq 772 54 202 [94]
New Zealand 772 1 103 [95]
Morocco 708 44 31 [96]
Armenia 663 4 31 [97]
Lithuania 649 8 7 [98]
Bahrain 635 4 341 [99]
Hungary 585 20 42 [100]
Bosnia and Herzegovina 533 16 20 [101]
Moldova 505 6 25 [102]
Lebanon 494 16 43 [103]
Latvia 458 0 1 [30][104]
Tunisia 455 14 5 [105]
Bulgaria 449 10 20 [106]
Andorra 428 15 14 [107]
Kazakhstan 423 3 27 [108]
Azerbaijan 400 5 26 [109][110]
Slovakia 400 1 7 [111][112]
Costa Rica 396 2 6 [113]
North Macedonia 384 11 17 [114][115]
Uruguay 350 2 62 [116]
Taiwan 339 5 50 [117][118]
Kuwait 317 0 80 [119]
Cyprus[w] 315 9 18 [120]
Réunion[x] 308 0 48 [121][15]
Cameroon 306 8 10 [30][122]
Belarus 304 4 46 [123]
Jordan 299 5 45 [124]
Burkina Faso 288 16 50 [125]
Puerto Rico 286 11 – [4]
Albania 277 16 76 [126]
Afghanistan 273 6 10 [30][127]
San Marino 245 30 21 [128]
Cuba[y] 233 6 13 [129]
Oman 231 1 57 [130]
Vietnam 227 0 75 [131]
Honduras 219 14 3 [132]
Uzbekistan 205 2 25 [133]
Ghana 204 5 31 [134]
Malta 195 0 2 [135][136]
Senegal 195 1 55 [137]
Ivory Coast 194 1 9 [3]
Nigeria 184 2 20 [138]
Faroe Islands 177 0 81 [139]
Mauritius 169 7 0 [140]
Palestine 155 1 18 [141]
Sri Lanka 151 4 21 [142]
Venezuela 144 3 43 [143]
Montenegro 140 2 0 [144][145]
DR Congo 134 13 3 [146]
Georgia[z] 134 0 26 [147]
Brunei 133 1 56 [148]
Martinique 131 3 27 [149]
Kosovo[aa] 125 1 10 [150][151]
Guadeloupe 125 6 24 [152]
Bolivia 123 8 1 [153]
Kyrgyzstan 116 0 5 [154][155]
Mayotte 116 2 10 [156]
Cambodia 114 0 35 [157]
Kenya 110 3 4 [158]
Guernsey 97 1 – [159]
Jersey 96 2 – [160]
Isle of Man 95 1 – [161]
Trinidad and Tobago 90 5 1 [162]
Gibraltar 88 0 42 [163]
Rwanda 84 0 0 [3]
Guam 77 3 9 [164]
Northern Cyprus 77 2 29 [165]
Paraguay 77 3 1 [166][30]
Niger 74 5 0 [167]
Liechtenstein 72 0 0 [168]
Aruba 60 0 1 [169]
Madagascar 59 0 0 [3]
Bangladesh 56 6 26 [170]
Monaco 55 1 2 [171]
Guinea 52 0 0 [3]
French Guiana[ab] 51 0 0 [172][15]
Jamaica 47 3 2 [173][174]
Barbados 46 0 0 [175]
Guatemala 46 1 12 [176]
Uganda 45 0 0 [177]
El Salvador 41 2 0 [178]
Macau 41 0 10 [179]
Djibouti 40 0 0 [3]
Togo 39 2 17 [180]
Zambia 39 1 1 [3]
French Polynesia 37 0 1 [181][182]
Mali 36 3 0 [183]
Bermuda 35 0 11 [184]
U.S. Virgin Islands 30 0 21 [185]
Ethiopia 29 0 2 [186][187]
Cayman Islands 28 1 – [188]
Bahamas 24 1 0 [189]
Republic of the Congo 22 2 0 [3]
Eritrea 22 0 0 [190]
Saint Martin 22 2 2 [191]
Tanzania 20 1 2 [3]
Maldives 19 0 13 [192]
Gabon 18 1 0 [3][193]
New Caledonia 18 0 1 [194]
Myanmar 16 1 0 [195]
Sint Maarten 16 1 1 [196][197]
Syria 16 2 0 [198]
Equatorial Guinea 15 0 1 [199]
Haiti 15 0 0 [200][201]
Mongolia 14 0 2 [202]
Namibia 14 0 2 [203][204]
Benin 13 0 1 [205]
Saint Lucia 13 0 0 [206]
Dominica 12 0 0 [207]
Guyana 12 1 0 [208]
Curaçao 11 1 2 [209]
MS Zaandam & Rotterdam[ac] 11 2 0 [210][211]
Greenland 10 0 2 [212]
Grenada 10 0 0 [213]
Libya 10 0 1 [214]
Mozambique 10 0 0 [215]
Seychelles 10 0 0 [216]
Suriname 10 0 0 [217]
Antigua and Barbuda 9 0 0 [218]
Eswatini 9 0 0 [219][3]
Laos 9 0 0 [220]
Guinea-Bissau 9 0 0 [221]
Åland Islands 8 0 0 [222]
Angola 8 2 1 [223][224]
Saint Kitts and Nevis 8 0 0 [225]
Zimbabwe 8 1 0 [226]
Chad 7 0 0 [227]
Fiji 7 0 0 [228]
Sudan 7 2 1 [229][230]
Akrotiri and Dhekelia 7 0 0 [231]
Cape Verde 6 1 0 [232]
Liberia 6 0 0 [233]
Mauritania 6 1 2 [234]
Vatican City 6 0 0 [235]
Saint Barthélemy 6 0 1 [191]
Nepal 6 0 1 [236]
Northern Mariana Islands 6 1 0 [237][238]
Central African Republic 6 0 0 [239]
Bhutan 5 0 0 [240]
Montserrat 5 0 0 [241]
Turks and Caicos Islands 5 0 0 [242]
Gambia 4 1 0 [243]
Nicaragua 4 1 0 [244]
Botswana 4 1 0 [245]
Anguilla 3 0 0 [246]
Belize 3 0 0 [247]
British Virgin Islands 3 0 0 [248]
Burundi 3 0 0 [249]
Somalia[ad] 3 0 0 [250]
Malawi 3 0 0 [251]
Sint Eustatius 2 0 0 [252]
Somaliland 2 0 0 [253][254]
St. Vincent and the Grenadines 2 0 1 [255][256]
Sierra Leone 2 0 0 [257]
East Timor 1 0 1 [258]
Papua New Guinea 1 0 0 [259]
As of 31 March 2020 (UTC) · History of cases: China, international
Notes
  1. ^ Countries and territories, and two international conveyances where cases were diagnosed. Nationality and location of original infection may vary. In some countries, the cases cover several territories, as noted accordingly.
  2. ^ Cumulative confirmed cases reported to date. The actual number of infections and cases are likely to be higher than reported.[2]
  3. ^ Total deaths may not necessarily add up due to the frequency of values updating for each individual location.
  4. ^ Recovered cases. All recoveries may not be reported. Total recoveries may not necessarily add up due to the frequency of values updating for each individual location. "–" denotes that no reliable data is currently available for that territory, not that the value is zero.
  5. ^ United States
    1. Cases and deaths exclude all Overseas Territories.
    2. There is no reliable source for recoveries per territory. Recoveries in Overseas Territories may be included in the United States entry.
    3. Figures include cases identified on the Grand Princess.
    4. Data is from unofficial trackers and not from the official Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
  6. ^ Italy
    Only at-risk people showing symptoms have been tested from 27 February 2020 and onwards.[5][6]
  7. ^ Spain
    1. Including the autonomous regions of Ceuta and Melilla.
    2. Testing has been restricted to at-risk people showing symptoms.[8]
  8. ^ Germany
    Not all state authorities count recoveries.[10]
  9. ^ China
    1. Excluding 1,248 asymptomatic cases under medical observation as of 2 April 2020
    2. Asymptomatic cases were not reported prior to 31 March 2020
  10. ^ France
    1. Testing has been restricted to at-risk people showing severe symptoms.[13]
    2. Excluding all Overseas departments and regions and Overseas collectivities.
    3. Deaths and recoveries only include hospitalised cases.[14][15]
  11. ^ Iran
    1. Due to a shortage of resources, testing is restricted to only severe cases.[16]
  12. ^ United Kingdom
    Excluding all British Overseas Territories and Crown dependencies.
  13. ^ Netherlands
    1. All four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands [i.e. (the country - as opposed to the Kingdom - of] the Netherlands - in this table row -, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten) are listed separately.
    2. Special municipalities are listed separately.
    3. The Dutch Government agency RIVM, responsible for the constituent country the Netherlands, does not count its number of recoveries[23]
  14. ^ Sweden
    Testing of suspected infections has been cut back in the whole country in the period around 12 March 2020, in order to focus efforts on people with increased risk of serious illness and complications.
  15. ^ Australia
    Excluding the cases from Diamond Princess cruise ship which are classified as "on an international conveyance". Ten cases, including one fatality recorded by the Australian government.
  16. ^ Norway
    1. From 13 March 2020, testing of the normal population was discontinued, and is now only reserved for health professionals and acutely ill people in vulnerable groups.
    2. The Norwegian Institute of Public Health states that there are more infected people in Norway than the figures show. The dark figures are presumed to be higher because of limited testing.[36]
    3. Estimation of number of coronavirus infected:
      • As of 23 March 2020, over 40% of all GPs in Norway have been registered 20,200 patients with the "corona code" R991. The figure includes both cases where the patient has been diagnosed with coronavirus infection through testing, and where the GP has used the "corona code" after assessing the patient's symptoms against the criteria by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.[37]
      • As of 24 March 2020, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health estimates that between 7,120 and 23,140 Norwegians are infected with the coronavirus.[38]
  17. ^ Russia
    1. Including cases from the disputed Crimea, which was annexed by Russia in 2014 but remains internationally recognized as being under Ukrainian sovereignty.
    2. Excluding the cases from Diamond Princess cruise ship which are classified as "on an international conveyance".
    3. One fatality was not officially recorded by the Russian authorities as caused by coronavirus.[41][42][43]
  18. ^ Denmark
    1. The autonomous territories of the Faroe Islands and Greenland are listed separately.
    2. From 12 March to 1 April 2020, testing primarily focussed on people with more serious symptoms, vulnerable people and health professionals. Before and after this period testing was done more broadly, among others including people with mild symptoms and people that have been in close contact with an infected person.[46]
  19. ^ Finland
    1. Excluding the autonomous region of the Åland Islands.
    2. Not all suspected infections are tested. As of 31 March 2020, testing focuses on at-risk people and patients with severe symptoms of respiratory tract infection, as well as healthcare and social welfare personnel.[63] Specimens from mildly symptomatic and returning travelers can still be taken at the discretion of the treating physician.[64]
    3. There is no reliable or frequently published national data source which provides counts of recoveries. However, as of 1 April 2020, there have been hundreds of recoveries. The exact number is not known, as only a small proportion of patients have been hospitalized.[65]
  20. ^ Serbia
    Excluding Kosovo.[77]
  21. ^ Ukraine
    Excluding cases from the disputed Crimea, which was annexed by Russia in 2014 but remains internationally recognized as being under Ukrainian sovereignty. Because the Russian authorities are tabulating cases from Crimea, they are included in the Russian total. Also excluding cases from the unrecognized Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics.
  22. ^ Egypt
    Includes cases identified on the MS River Anuket.
  23. ^ Cyprus
    Excluding Akrotiri and Dhekelia and Northern Cyprus.
  24. ^ Réunion
    Recoveries only includes hospitalised cases.
  25. ^ Cuba
    Includes cases on the MS Braemar.
  26. ^ Georgia
    Including the de facto sovereign state of Abkhazia (1 Case).
  27. ^ Kosovo
    1. Excluding Serbia.
    2. Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia.
  28. ^ French Guiana
    Recoveries only includes hospitalised cases.
  29. ^ MS Zaandam and Rotterdam
    1. The cruise ship MS Zaandam became stranded off the coast of Chile after being denied entry to ports since 14 March 2020.
    2. The MS Rotterdam rendezvoused with the Zaandam on March 26 off the coast of Panama City to provide support and evacuate healthy passengers. Both transited the Panama canal, and have reached an agreement to dock in Florida.
    3. MS Zaandam and Rotterdam's numbers are currently not counted in any national figures.
  30. ^ Somalia
    Excluding the de facto state of Somaliland.
Refs
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  259. ^ "PNG's first imported Covid-19 case". Loop PNG. 20 March 2020.

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National responses

The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic spread to many countries around the world, with the most affected countries being the United States, Italy, Spain, China, France, Iran, and South Korea. National response measures have been varied, and have included containment measures such as lockdowns, quarantines, and curfews. This is a dynamic list of different responses by various nations across the world. Read more...

Images

  • Featured picture Scanning electron microscope image of the virus emerging from the surface of cells

  • This images reveals ultra-structural morphology exhibited by the virus

  • Electron microscope image shows the virus isolated in a patient emerging from the surface of cells (pink)

  • Illustration of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the blood stream

More images...

Socio-economic impact

The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic has had far-reaching consequences beyond the spread of the disease and efforts to quarantine it. As the pandemic has spread around the globe, concerns have shifted from supply-side manufacturing issues to decreased business in the services sector.

Supply shortages are expected to affect a number of sectors due to panic buying, increased usage of goods to fight the pandemic, and disruption to factories and logistics in mainland China. There have been widespread reports of supply shortages of pharmaceuticals, with many areas seeing panic buying and consequent shortages of food and other essential grocery items. The technology industry, in particular, has been warning about delays to shipments of electronic goods. Read more...

Workplace

Hierarchy of Controls (By NIOSH).jpg

Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19 are the application of occupational safety and health methodologies for hazard controls to the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The proper hazard controls in the workplace depend on the worksite and job task, based on a risk assessment of sources of exposure, disease severity in the community, and risk factors of individual workers who may be vulnerable to contracting COVID-19.

Medium exposure risk jobs include those that require frequent or close contact with people who are not known or suspected with COVID-19, but may be infected due to ongoing community transmission or international travel. This includes workers who have contact with the general public such as in schools, high-population-density work environments, and some high-volume retail settings. Hazard controls for this group, in addition to basic infection prevention measures, include ventilation using high-efficiency air filters, sneeze guards, and having personal protective equipment available in case a person with COVID-19 is encountered.

OSHA considers healthcare and mortuary workers exposed to known or suspected person with COVID-19 to be at high exposure risk, which increases to very high exposure risk if workers perform aerosol-generating procedures on, or collect or handle specimens from, known or suspected person with COVID-19. Hazard controls appropriate for these workers include engineering controls such as negative pressure ventilation rooms, and personal protective equipment appropriate to the job task. Read more...

Testing

Laboratory testing for the respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the associated SARS-CoV-2 virus includes methods that detect the presence of virus and those that detect antibodies produced in response to infection. Detection of antibodies (serology) can be used both for clinical purposes and population surveillance. Antibody tests allow us to find out how many people have had the disease, including those whose symptoms were so minor that they were shrugged off. In this way we can find the true mortality rate of the disease as well as how much herd immunity has been built up in society.

Due to limited testing, as of March 2020 no countries had reliable data on the prevalence of the virus in their population. This variability also affects reported case-fatality rates. Read more...

Vaccine research

A COVID-19 vaccine is a hypothetical vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although no vaccine has completed clinical trials, there are multiple attempts in progress to develop such a vaccine. In late February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) said it did not expect a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus, to become available in less than 18 months. By April 2020, some 50 vaccine candidates were in development, with four organizations having initiated Phase I safety studies in human subjects. Read more...

Drug research

COVID-19 drug development is the research process to develop a preventative vaccine or therapeutic prescription drug that would alleviate the severity of 2019-20 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Internationally as of March 2020, some 100 drug companies, biotechnology firms, university research groups, and health organizations were involved in stages of vaccine or drug development. The World Health Organization (WHO), European Medicines Agency (EMA), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the Chinese government and drug manufacturers were coordinating with academic and industry researchers to speed development of vaccines, antiviral drugs, and monoclonal antibody therapies. Read more...

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Get involved by joining WikiProject COVID-19. We discuss collaborations and all manner of issues on our talk page.

As of 3 April 2020, there are 713 articles within the scope of WikiProject COVID-19. Including non-article pages, such as talk pages, redirects, categories, project pages, etcetera, there are 3,014 pages in the project.

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