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![]() 2020 U.S. presidential election | |
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Republican Party | |
Democratic Party | |
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Vice presidential campaigns
Presidential campaigns
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The 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries and caucuses are a series of electoral contests organized by the Democratic Party to select the approximately 3,979[a] pledged delegates to the 2020 Democratic National Convention. Those delegates will, by pledged votes, elect the Democratic nominee for president of the United States in the 2020 U.S. presidential election.[4] If a candidate amasses at least 1,991[5][6] pledged delegates by the DNC convention in August (formerly July),[7] they will be the nominee. The elections are taking place from February to June 2020 in all fifty U.S. states, the District of Columbia, five U.S. territories, and among Democrats Abroad.
Independent of the result of primaries and caucuses, the Democratic Party will, from its group of party leaders and elected officials, also appoint 771[b] unpledged delegates (superdelegates) to participate in its national convention. In contrast to all previous election cycles since superdelegates were introduced in 1984, superdelegates will no longer have the right to cast decisive votes at the convention's first ballot for the presidential nomination. They will be allowed to cast non-decisive votes if a candidate has clinched the nomination before the first ballot, or decisive votes on subsequent ballots in a contested convention.[4][8][9]
Overall, there were 29 major Democratic presidential candidates in the 2020 election, and for six weeks around July 2019, 25 of these had active campaigns simultaneously. The debate in Westerville, Ohio, on October 15, 2019, featured twelve candidates, setting a record for the highest number of candidates in one presidential debate. On April 8, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden became the presumptive nominee after Senator Bernie Sanders, the only other major candidate, dropped out of the race.[10]
After Hillary Clinton's loss in the previous election, many felt the Democratic Party lacked a clear leading figure.[11] Divisions remained in the party following the 2016 primaries, which pitted Clinton against Bernie Sanders.[12][13] Between the 2016 election and the 2018 midterm elections, Senate Democrats generally shifted to the political left in relation to college tuition, healthcare, and immigration.[14][15] The 2018 elections saw the Democratic Party regain the House of Representatives for the first time in eight years, picking up seats in both urban and suburban districts.[16][17]
The 2020 field of Democratic presidential candidates peaked at more than two dozen major candidates.[18] According to Politifact, this field is believed to be the largest field of presidential candidates for any American political party since 1972;[c] it exceeds the field of 17 major candidates who sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2016.[20] In May 2019, CBS News referred to the field of 2020 Democratic presidential candidates as "the largest and most diverse Democratic primary field in modern history", including six major female presidential candidates and seven major candidates of African, Hispanic, Asian, or Pacific Islander ancestry.[21]
On August 25, 2018, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) members passed reforms to the Democratic Party's primary process in order to increase participation[22] and ensure transparency.[23] State parties are encouraged to use a government-run primary whenever available and increase the accessibility of their primary through same-day or automatic registration and same-day party switching. Caucuses are required to have absentee voting, or to otherwise allow those who cannot participate in person to be included.[22]
The reforms mandate that automatic delegates ("superdelegates") refrain from voting on the first presidential nominating ballot, unless a candidate via the outcome of primaries and caucuses already has gained a majority of all delegates, including superedelegates.[24] In a contested convention where no majority of minimum pledged delegate votes is found for a single candidate on the first ballot, all superdelegates will then regain their right to vote on any subsequent ballot necessary in order for a presidential candidate to be nominated, wherein the number of votes required shall increase to a majority of pledged and superdelegates combined.[4] Superdelegates are not precluded from publicly endorsing a candidate of their choosing before the convention.
There were also a number of changes to the process of nomination at the state level. A decline in the number of caucuses occurred after 2016, with Democrats in Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Maine, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, and Washington all switching from various forms of caucuses to primaries (with Hawaii, Kansas, and North Dakota switching to party-run "firehouse primaries"). This has resulted in the lowest number of caucuses in the Democratic Party's recent history, with only three states (Iowa, Nevada, and Wyoming) and four territories (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Marianas, and U.S. Virgin Islands) using them. In addition, six states were approved in 2019 by the DNC to use ranked-choice voting in the primaries: Alaska, Hawaii, Kansas, and Wyoming for all voters; Iowa and Nevada for absentee voters.[25] Rather than eliminating candidates until a single winner is chosen, voters' choices would be reallocated until all remaining candidates have at least 15%, the threshold to receive delegates to the convention.[26]
Several states which did not use paper ballots widely in 2016 and 2018, adopted them for the 2020 primary and general elections,[27] to minimize potential interference in vote tallies, a concern raised by intelligence officials,[28] election officials[29] and the public.[30] The move to paper ballots enabled audits to start where they had not been possible before, and in 2020 about half the states audit samples of primary ballots to measure accuracy of the reported results.[31] Audits of caucus results depend on party rules, and the Iowa Democratic party investigated inaccuracies in precinct reports, resolved enough to be sure the delegate allocations were correct, and decided it did not have authority or time to correct all errors.[32][33][34]
The number of pledged delegates from each state is proportional to the state's share of the electoral college, and to the state's past Democratic votes for President.[35][36] Thus less weight is given to swing states and Republican states, while more weight is given to strongly Democratic states, in choosing a nominee.
Six pledged delegates are assigned to each territory, 44 to Puerto Rico, and 12 to Democrats Abroad. Each jurisdiction can also earn bonus delegates by holding primaries after March or in clusters of 3 or more neighboring states.[35]
Within states, a quarter of pledged delegates are allocated to candidates based on statewide vote totals, and the rest based on votes in each Congressional District, though some states use divisions other than congressional districts. For example, Texas uses state Senate districts.[37][35] Districts which have voted Democratic in the past get more delegates, and fewer delegates are allocated for swing districts and Republican districts.[35] For example, House Speaker Pelosi's strongly Democratic district 12 has 7 delegates, or one per 109,000 people, and a swing district, CA-10, which became Democratic in 2018, has 4 delegates, or one per 190,000 people.[38][39][40]
Candidates who get under 15% of the votes in a state or district get no delegates from that area. Candidates who get 15% or more of the votes divide delegates in proportion to their votes.[38][41] These rules apply at the state level to state delegates and within each district for those delegates. The 15% threshold was established in 1992[42] to limit "fringe" candidates.[43] The threshold now means that any sector of the party (moderate, progressive, etc.) which produces many candidates, thus dividing supporters' votes, may win few delegates, even if it wins a majority of votes.[43][44][42]
Date (daily totals) |
Total pledged delegates |
Contest | Delegates won and popular vote[45] | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joe Biden | Bernie Sanders | Elizabeth Warren | Michael Bloomberg | Pete Buttigieg | Amy Klobuchar | Tulsi Gabbard | |||
February 3 | 41 | Iowa | 6 23,291 (13.7%) |
12 45,652 (26.5%) |
8 34,909 (20.3%) |
14 43,209 (25.1%) |
1 21,100 (12.2%) |
16 (0.0%) | |
February 11 | 24 | New Hampshire | 24,911 (8.4%) |
9 76,352 (25.6%) |
27,427 (9.2%) |
4,777 (1.6%) |
9 72,445 (24.3%) |
6 58,774 (19.7%) |
9,655 (3.3%) |
February 22 | 36 | Nevada | 9 19,179 (18.9%) |
24 41,075 (40.5%) |
11,703 (11.5%) |
3 17,598 (17.3%) |
7,376 (7.3%) |
32 (0.0%) | |
February 29 | 54 | South Carolina | 39 262,336 (48.7%) |
15 106,605 (19.8%) |
38,120 (7.1%) |
44,217 (8.2%) |
16,900 (3.1%) |
6,813 (1.3%) | |
March 3 (Super Tuesday) (1,344) |
52 | Alabama | 44 286,630 (63.2%) |
8 75,326 (16.6%) |
26,125 (5.8%) |
52,844 (11.6%) |
1,466 (0.3%) |
914 (0.2%) |
1,067 (0.2%) |
6 | American Samoa | 31 (8.8%) |
37 (10.5%) |
5 (1.4%) |
4 175 (49.9%) |
2 103 (29.3%) | |||
31 | Arkansas | 17 92,586 (40.5%) |
9 51,117 (22.4%) |
22,860 (10.0%) |
5 38,213 (16.7%) |
7,657 (3.4%) |
7,014 (3.1%) |
1,616 (0.7%) | |
415 | California[d] | 172 1,567,898 (28.0%) |
221 1,987,339 (35.5%) |
12 745,409 (13.3%) |
9 687,364 (12.3%) |
246,972 (4.4%) |
125,827 (2.2%) |
32,861 (0.6%) | |
67 | Colorado[d] | 18 232,183 (24.7%) |
25 346,766 (36.8%) |
8 165,677 (17.6%) |
9 175,665 (18.7%) |
9,853 (1.0%) | |||
24 | Maine | 11 68,396 (34.1%) |
9 65,894 (32.9%) |
4 31,514 (15.7%) |
24,131 (12.0%) |
4,180 (2.1%) |
2,744 (1.4%) |
1,841 (0.9%) | |
91 | Massachusetts | 37 470,294 (33.6%) |
29 373,173 (26.7%) |
25 299,733 (21.4%) |
164,689 (11.8%) |
37,172 (2.7%) |
16,862 (1.2%) |
10,616 (0.8%) | |
75 | Minnesota | 38 287,464 (38.6%) |
27 222,530 (29.9%) |
10 114,754 (15.4%) |
62,064 (8.3%) |
7,627 (1.0%) |
41,508 (5.6%) |
2,507 (0.3%) | |
110 | North Carolina | 68 568,581 (43.0%) |
37 318,872 (24.1%) |
2 138,502 (10.5%) |
3 171,823 (13.0%) |
43,368 (3.3%) |
30,641 (2.3%) |
6,649 (0.5%) | |
37 | Oklahoma | 21 117,552 (38.7%) |
13 77,302 (25.4%) |
1 40,676 (13.4%) |
2 42,243 (13.9%) |
5,113 (1.7%) |
6,728 (2.2%) |
5,106 (1.7%) | |
64 | Tennessee | 33 215,390 (41.7%) |
20 129,168 (25.0%) |
1 53,732 (10.4%) |
10 79,789 (15.5%) |
17,102 (3.3%) |
10,671 (2.1%) |
2,278 (0.4%) | |
228 | Texas | 111 725,562 (34.6%) |
102 626,339 (29.9%) |
5 239,237 (11.4%) |
10 300,608 (14.4%) |
82,671 (4.0%) |
43,291 (2.1%) |
8,688 (0.4%) | |
29 | Utah | 7 38,999 (18.5%) |
16 74,478 (35.3%) |
3 34,398 (16.3%) |
3 33,262 (15.8%) |
18,543 (8.8%) |
7,519 (3.6%) |
1,621 (0.8%) | |
16 | Vermont | 5 34,734 (22.0%) |
11 80,121 (50.8%) |
19,816 (12.6%) |
14,843 (9.4%) |
3,714 (2.4%) |
2,023 (1.3%) |
1,298 (0.8%) | |
99 | Virginia | 66 705,800 (53.2%) |
31 306,024 (23.1%) |
2 142,470 (10.7%) |
129,784 (9.8%) |
11,190 (0.8%) |
8,413 (0.6%) |
11,279 (0.9%) | |
March 3–10 | 13 | Democrats Abroad | 4 9,059 (22.7%) |
9 23,139 (57.9%) |
5,730 (14.3%)[e] |
892 (2.2%)[f] |
616 (1.5%) |
224 (0.6%) |
146 (0.4%) |
March 10 (352) |
20 | Idaho | 11 52,679 (48.9%) |
9 45,815 (42.5%) |
2,865 (2.7%) |
2,589 (2.4%) |
1,405 (1.3%) |
769 (0.7%) |
868 (0.8%) |
125 | Michigan | 73 838,564 (52.9%) |
52 576,916 (36.4%) |
26,051 (1.6%) |
73,175 (4.6%) |
22,374 (1.4%) |
10,969 (0.7%) |
9,461 (0.6%) | |
36 | Mississippi | 34 222,160 (81.0%) |
2 40,657 (14.8%) |
1,550 (0.6%) |
6,933 (2.5%) |
562 (0.2%) |
440 (0.2%) |
1,003 (0.4%) | |
68 | Missouri | 44 399,439 (60.1%) |
24 229,638 (34.6%) |
8,115 (1.2%) |
9,853 (1.5%) |
3,301 (0.5%) |
2,677 (0.4%) |
4,879 (0.7%) | |
14 | North Dakota | 6 5,742 (39.8%) |
8 7,682 (53.3%) |
366 (2.5%) |
113 (0.8%) |
164 (1.1%) |
223 (1.5%) |
89 (0.6%) | |
89 | Washington | 46 591,403 (37.9%) |
43 570,039 (36.6%) |
142,652 (9.2%) |
122,530 (7.9%) |
63,344 (4.1%) |
33,383 (2.1%) |
13,199 (0.9%) | |
March 14 | 6 | Northern Mariana Islands | 2 48 (36.4%) |
4 84 (63.6%) |
|||||
March 17 (441) |
67 | Arizona | 39 260,608 (44.4%) |
28 193,448 (32.9%) |
35,353 (6.0%) |
54,123 (9.2%) |
24,782 (4.2%) |
9,447 (1.6%) |
2,934 (0.5%) |
219 | Florida | 162 1,075,807 (61.9%) |
57 396,506 (22.8%) |
32,805 (1.9%) |
146,446 (8.4%) |
39,870 (2.3%) |
17,267 (1.0%) |
8,708 (0.5%) | |
155 | Illinois[d] | 94 924,771 (59.0%) |
60 565,762 (36.1%) |
22,067 (1.4%) |
23,809 (1.5%) |
9,080 (0.6%) |
0 (0%) |
9,118 (0.6%) | |
April 7 | 84 | Wisconsin | |||||||
April 10 | 15 | Alaska[g] | |||||||
April 17 | 14 | Wyoming[h] | |||||||
April 28 | 136 | Ohio[i] | |||||||
May 2 (46) |
7 | Guam | |||||||
39 | Kansas | ||||||||
May 12 | 29 | Nebraska | |||||||
May 19 (166) |
105 | Georgia | |||||||
61 | Oregon | ||||||||
May 22 | 24 | Hawaii[j] | |||||||
June 2 (686) |
60 | Connecticut | |||||||
21 | Delaware | ||||||||
20 | District of Columbia | ||||||||
82 | Indiana | ||||||||
96 | Maryland | ||||||||
19 | Montana | ||||||||
126 | New Jersey | ||||||||
34 | New Mexico | ||||||||
186 | Pennsylvania | ||||||||
26 | Rhode Island | ||||||||
16 | South Dakota | ||||||||
June 6 | 7 | US Virgin Islands | |||||||
June 9 | 28 | West Virginia | |||||||
June 20 | 54 | Louisiana[k] | |||||||
June 23 (328) |
54 | Kentucky[k] | |||||||
274 | New York[k] | ||||||||
TBA | 51 | Puerto Rico | - | ||||||
Total 3,979 pledged delegates |
1,217 | 914 | 81 | 55 | 26 | 7 | 2 |
![]() February March 3 (Super Tuesday) March 10 March 14–17 March 24–29 April 4–7 April 28 May June ![]() February March 3 (Super Tuesday) March 10 March 14–17 April 7–17 April 26–28 May June |
Due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States, a number of presidential primaries were rescheduled. Some have also canceled in-person voting entirely.
Primary | Original schedule |
Altered schedule |
Vote in person? |
Last changed |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ohio | March 17 | April 28[l] | Cancelled | March 25 | [51][52] |
Georgia | March 24 | May 19 | Scheduled | March 14 | [53] |
Puerto Rico | March 29 | TBD[m] | TBA | April 2 | [55] [54] |
Alaska | April 4 | April 10[n] | Cancelled | March 23 | [56] |
Wyoming | April 4 | April 17[o] | Cancelled | March 22 | [57] |
Hawaii | April 4 | May 22[p] | Cancelled | March 27 | [58][59][60] |
Louisiana | April 4 | June 20 | Scheduled | March 13 | [61] |
Maryland | April 28 | June 2 | Scheduled | March 17 | [62] |
Connecticut | April 28 | June 2 | Scheduled | March 19 | [63] |
Rhode Island | April 28 | June 2 | Scheduled | March 23 | [64] |
Delaware | April 28 | June 2 | Scheduled | March 24 | [65] |
Pennsylvania | April 28 | June 2 | Scheduled | March 27 | [66] |
New York | April 28 | June 23 | Scheduled | March 28 | [67] |
Indiana | May 5 | June 2 | Scheduled | March 20 | [68] |
West Virginia | May 12 | June 9 | Scheduled | April 1 | [69] |
Kentucky | May 19 | June 23 | Scheduled | March 16 | [70] |
In addition, the DNC elected to delay the 2020 Democratic National Convention from July 13–16 to August 17–20.[71]
Major candidates in the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries have either: (a) served as vice president, a member of the cabinet, a U.S. senator, a U.S. representative, or a governor, (b) been included in a minimum of five independent national polls, or (c) received substantial media coverage. As of April 8, 2020, one major candidate is still in the race.
Nearly 300 candidates who did not meet the criteria to be deemed "major" also filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for president in the Democratic Party primary.[72]
Candidate | Born | Experience | State | Campaign announced | Pledged delegates[73] | Popular vote[74] | Contests won | Article | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() Joe Biden |
November 20, 1942 (age 77) Scranton, Pennsylvania |
Vice President of the United States (2009–2017) U.S. senator from Delaware (1973–2009) Candidate for President in 1988 and 2008 |
![]() Delaware |
April 25, 2019 | 1,225 | 10,134,588 (40.73%) |
19 (AL, AZ, AR, FL, ID, IL, ME, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA) |
![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[75] |
Candidate | Born | Experience | State | Campaign announced | Campaign suspended | Delegates won[73] | Popular vote | Contests won | Article | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() Bernie Sanders |
September 8, 1941 (age 78) Brooklyn, New York |
U.S. senator from Vermont (2007–present) U.S. representative from VT-AL (1991–2007) Candidate for President in 2016 |
![]() |
February 19, 2019 | April 8, 2020 | 914 | 7,719,341 (31.03%) |
9 (CA, CO, DA, NV, NH, ND, MP, UT, VT) |
![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[76][77] | |
![]() Tulsi Gabbard |
April 12, 1981 (age 38) Leloaloa, American Samoa |
U.S. representative from HI-02 (2013–present) | ![]() |
January 11, 2019 | March 19, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[78] |
2 | 164,895 (0.66%) |
0 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[79][80] | |
![]() Elizabeth Warren |
June 22, 1949 (age 70) Oklahoma City, Oklahoma |
U.S. senator from Massachusetts (2013–present) | ![]() |
February 9, 2019 Exploratory committee: December 31, 2018 |
March 5, 2020 | 81 | 2,482,350[74] (9.99%) |
0 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[81][82] | |
![]() Michael Bloomberg |
February 14, 1942 (age 78) Boston, Massachusetts |
Mayor of New York City, New York (2002–2013) CEO of Bloomberg L.P. |
![]() |
November 24, 2019 Exploratory committee: November 21, 2019 |
March 4, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[83] |
55 | 2,427,609[74] (9.77%) |
1 (AS) |
![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[84][85] | |
![]() Amy Klobuchar |
May 25, 1960 (age 59) Plymouth, Minnesota |
U.S. senator from Minnesota (2007–present) | ![]() |
February 10, 2019 | March 2, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[86] |
7 | 484,558[74] (1.95%) |
0 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[87][86] | |
![]() Pete Buttigieg |
January 19, 1982 (age 38) South Bend, Indiana |
Mayor of South Bend, Indiana (2012–2020) | ![]() |
April 14, 2019 Exploratory committee: January 23, 2019 |
March 1, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[88] |
26 | 831,939[74] (3.35%) |
1 (IA) |
![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[89][90] | |
![]() Tom Steyer |
June 27, 1957 (age 62) Manhattan, New York |
Hedge fund manager Founder of Farallon Capital and Beneficial State Bank |
![]() |
July 9, 2019 | February 29, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[91] |
0 | 245,439[74] (0.99%) |
0 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[92][93] | |
![]() Deval Patrick |
July 31, 1956 (age 63) Chicago, Illinois |
Governor of Massachusetts (2007–2015) | ![]() |
November 14, 2019 | February 12, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[94] |
0 | 18,527 (0.07%) |
0 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[95][96] | |
![]() Michael Bennet |
November 28, 1964 (age 55) New Delhi, India |
U.S. senator from Colorado (2009–present) | ![]() |
May 2, 2019 | February 11, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[97] |
0 | 40,073 (0.16%) |
0 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[98][99] | |
![]() Andrew Yang |
January 13, 1975 (age 45) Schenectady, New York |
Entrepreneur Founder of Venture for America |
![]() |
November 6, 2017 | February 11, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[100] |
0 | 104,356 (0.42%) |
0 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[101][102] |
Other notable individuals who did not meet the criteria to become major candidates also terminated their campaigns during the primaries:
Other notable individuals who did not meet the criteria to become major candidates but still have active campaigns include:
Candidate | Born | Experience | State | Campaign announced |
Campaign suspended |
Popular vote | Article | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() John Delaney |
April 16, 1963 (age 56) Wood-Ridge, New Jersey |
U.S. representative from MD-06 (2013–2019) | ![]() |
July 28, 2017 | January 31, 2020 (endorsed Biden)[107] |
15,682 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[108][109] |
![]() Cory Booker |
April 27, 1969 (age 50) Washington, D.C. |
U.S. senator from New Jersey (2013–present) Mayor of Newark, New Jersey (2006–2013) |
![]() |
February 1, 2019 | January 13, 2020 (running for re-election)[110] (endorsed Biden)[111] |
29,190 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[112][113] |
![]() Marianne Williamson |
July 8, 1952 (age 67) Houston, Texas |
Author Founder of Project Angel Food Independent candidate for U.S. House from CA-33 in 2014 |
![]() |
January 28, 2019 Exploratory committee: November 15, 2018 |
January 10, 2020 (endorsed Sanders)[114] |
21,395 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[115][116] |
![]() Julián Castro |
September 16, 1974 (age 45) San Antonio, Texas |
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (2014–2017) Mayor of San Antonio, Texas (2009–2014) |
![]() |
January 12, 2019 Exploratory committee: December 12, 2018 |
January 2, 2020 (endorsed Warren, then Biden)[117][118] |
36,304 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[119][120] |
![]() Kamala Harris |
October 20, 1964 (age 55) Oakland, California |
U.S. senator from California (2017–present) Attorney General of California (2011–2017) |
![]() |
January 21, 2019 | December 3, 2019 (endorsed Biden)[121] |
844 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[122][123] |
![]() Steve Bullock |
April 11, 1966 (age 53) Missoula, Montana |
Governor of Montana (2013–present) Attorney General of Montana (2009–2013) |
![]() |
May 14, 2019 | December 2, 2019 (running for U.S. Senate)[124] |
549 | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[125][126] |
![]() Joe Sestak |
December 12, 1951 (age 68) Secane, Pennsylvania |
U.S. representative from PA-07 (2007–2011) Former Vice Admiral of the United States Navy |
![]() |
June 23, 2019 | December 1, 2019 (endorsed Klobuchar)[127] |
5,226 | Campaign FEC filing |
[128][129] |
![]() Wayne Messam |
June 7, 1974 (age 45) South Bay, Florida |
Mayor of Miramar, Florida (2015–present) | ![]() |
March 28, 2019 Exploratory committee: March 13, 2019 |
November 19, 2019 | 0[q] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[130][131] |
![]() Beto O'Rourke |
September 26, 1972 (age 47) El Paso, Texas |
U.S. representative from TX-16 (2013–2019) | ![]() |
March 14, 2019 | November 1, 2019 (endorsed Biden)[132] |
1[q][133] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[134][135] |
![]() Tim Ryan |
July 16, 1973 (age 46) Niles, Ohio |
U.S. representative from OH-13 (2013–present) U.S. representative from OH-17 (2003–2013) |
![]() |
April 4, 2019 | October 24, 2019 (running for re-election)[136] (endorsed Biden)[137] |
0[q] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[138][139] |
![]() Bill de Blasio |
May 8, 1961 (age 58) Manhattan, New York |
Mayor of New York City, New York (2014–present) | ![]() |
May 16, 2019 | September 20, 2019 (endorsed Sanders)[140] |
0[q] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[141][142] |
![]() Kirsten Gillibrand |
December 9, 1966 (age 53) Albany, New York |
U.S. senator from New York (2009–present) U.S. representative from NY-20 (2007–2009) |
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March 17, 2019 Exploratory committee: January 15, 2019 |
August 28, 2019 (endorsed Biden)[143] |
0[q] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[144][145] |
![]() Seth Moulton |
October 24, 1978 (age 41) Salem, Massachusetts |
U.S. representative from MA-06 (2015–present) | ![]() |
April 22, 2019 | August 23, 2019 (running for re-election)[146] (endorsed Biden)[147] |
0[q] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[148][149] |
![]() Jay Inslee |
February 9, 1951 (age 69) Seattle, Washington |
Governor of Washington (2013–present) U.S. representative from WA-01 (1999–2012) U.S. representative from WA-04 (1993–1995) |
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March 1, 2019 | August 21, 2019 (running for re-election)[150] |
1[q][151] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[152][153] |
![]() John Hickenlooper |
February 7, 1952 (age 68) Narberth, Pennsylvania |
Governor of Colorado (2011–2019) Mayor of Denver, Colorado (2003–2011) |
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March 4, 2019 | August 15, 2019 (running for U.S. Senate)[154] (endorsed Bennet)[155] |
1[q][151] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[156][157] |
![]() Mike Gravel |
May 13, 1930 (age 89) Springfield, Massachusetts |
U.S. senator from Alaska (1969–1981) Candidate for President in 2008 Candidate for Vice President in 1972 |
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April 2, 2019 Exploratory committee: March 19, 2019 |
August 6, 2019 (endorsed Gabbard and Sanders)[158] |
0[q] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[159][158] |
![]() Eric Swalwell |
November 16, 1980 (age 39) Sac City, Iowa |
U.S. representative from CA-15 (2013–present) | ![]() |
April 8, 2019 | July 8, 2019 (running for re-election)[160] |
0[q] | ![]() __________ Campaign FEC filing |
[161][162] |
![]() Richard Ojeda |
September 25, 1970 (age 49) Rochester, Minnesota |
West Virginia state senator from WV-SD07 (2016–2019) | ![]() |
November 11, 2018 | January 25, 2019 (running for U.S. Senate)[163] |
0[q] | [164][165] |
The following notable individuals who did not meet the criteria to become major candidates also terminated their campaigns before the primaries:
In December 2018, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) announced the preliminary schedule for 12 official DNC-sanctioned debates, set to begin in June 2019, with six debates in 2019 and the remaining six during the first four months of 2020. Candidates are allowed to participate in forums featuring multiple other candidates as long as only one candidate appears on stage at a time; if candidates participate in any unsanctioned debate with other presidential candidates, they will lose their invitation to the next DNC-sanctioned debate.[174][175]
The DNC also announced that it would not partner with Fox News as a media sponsor for any debates.[176][177] Fox News had last held a Democratic debate in 2003.[178] All media sponsors selected to host a debate will as a new rule be required to appoint at least one female moderator for each debate, to ensure there will not be a gender-skewed treatment of the candidates and debate topics.[179]
The following graph depicts the standing of each candidate in the poll aggregators from December 2018 to April 2020.
Active candidates |
Joe Biden |
Others/Undecided |
Withdrawn candidates |
Bernie Sanders |
Tulsi Gabbard |
Elizabeth Warren |
Michael Bloomberg |
Amy Klobuchar |
Pete Buttigieg |
Andrew Yang |
Cory Booker |
Kamala Harris |
Beto O'Rourke |
Events |
Debates |
Caucuses and primaries |
National coronavirus emergency declared |
Source of poll aggregation | Date updated | Dates polled | Biden | Undecided[r] |
---|---|---|---|---|
270toWin | Apr 8, 2020 | Mar 18–Apr 7, 2020 [s] | 57.2% | 6.2% |
FiveThirtyEight | Apr 7, 2020 | Mar 20–Apr 5, 2020 [t] | 53.5% | 14.0% |
RealClear Politics | Apr 7, 2020 | Mar 22–Apr 5, 2020 | 57.5% | 7.7% |
Average | 56.1% | 9.3% |
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|
In the weeks following the election of Donald Trump in the 2016 election, media speculation regarding potential candidates for the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries began to circulate. As the Senate began confirmation hearings for members of the cabinet, speculation centered on the prospects of the "hell-no caucus", six senators who went on to vote against the majority of Trump's nominees. According to Politico, the members of the "hell-no caucus" were Cory Booker, Kamala Harris, Kirsten Gillibrand, Bernie Sanders, Jeff Merkley, and Elizabeth Warren.[221][222] Other speculation centered on then-Vice-President Joe Biden making a third presidential bid following failed attempts in 1988 and 2008.[223]
In August 2018, Democratic Party officials and television networks began discussions as to the nature and scheduling of the following year's debates and the nomination process.[226] Changes were made to the role of superdelegates, deciding to allow them to vote on the first ballot only if the nomination is uncontested.[227] The Democratic National Committee (DNC) announced the preliminary schedule for the 12 official DNC-sanctioned debates, set to begin in June 2019, with six debates in 2019 and the remaining six during the first four months of 2020.
Filing for the primaries began in October 2019.[362][363] indicates that the candidate is on the ballot for the primary contest,
indicates that the candidate is a recognized write-in candidate, and
indicates that the candidate will not appear on the ballot in that state's contest.
indicates that a candidate withdrew before the election but is still listed on the ballot. Blanks indicate that a candidate is not yet known to be on the ballot but a final list of candidates eligible to appear on the ballot is not yet available. States that have not yet announced any candidates who are on the ballot are not included.
State/ Territory |
Date | Ref | ||||||||||||
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IA[i] | Feb 3 | Ballot access not required | [364] | |||||||||||
NH | Feb 11 | ![]() |
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[105][365] |
NV[i] | Feb 22 | ![]() |
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[366] |
SC | Feb 29 | ![]() |
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[367] |
AL | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[368] |
AR | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[369] |
AS[i] | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[370] |
CA | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[371] |
CO | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[372][373] |
ME | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[374] |
MA | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[375] |
MN | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[376] |
NC | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[377] |
OK | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[378] |
TN | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[379][380] |
TX | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[381] |
UT | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[382] |
VT | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[383] |
VA | Mar 3 | ![]() |
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[384] |
DA | Mar 10 | ![]() |
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[385] |
ID | Mar 10 | ![]() |
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[386] |
MI | Mar 10 | ![]() |
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[387] |
MS | Mar 10 | ![]() |
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[388] |
MO | Mar 10 | ![]() |
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[389] |
ND | Mar 10 | ![]() |
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[390] |
WA | Mar 10 | ![]() |
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[391] |
MP[i] | Mar 14 | ![]() |
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[392][393] |
AZ | Mar 17 | ![]() |
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[394] |
FL | Mar 17 | ![]() |
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[395] |
IL | Mar 17 | ![]() |
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[396] |
WI | Apr 7 | ![]() |
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[397] |
AK | Apr 10 | ![]() |
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[398][399] |
WY[i] | Apr 17 | ![]() |
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[400] |
PR | Apr 26 | ![]() |
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[401] |
OH | Apr 28 | ![]() |
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[402][403] |
GU[i] | May 2 | Ballot access not required | [404] | |||||||||||
KS | May 2 | ![]() |
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[405] |
NE | May 12 | ![]() |
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[406] |
GA | May 19 | ![]() |
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[407] |
OR | May 19 | ![]() |
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[408] |
HI | May 22 | ![]() |
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[409] |
CT | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[410] |
DE | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[411] |
DC | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[412] |
IN | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[413] |
MD | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[414] |
MT | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[415] |
NM | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[416] | |
PA | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[417] |
RI | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[418] |
SD | Jun 2 | ![]() |
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[419] |
VI[i] | Jun 6 | Ballot access not required | [420] | |||||||||||
WV | Jun 9 | ![]() |
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[421] |
LA | Jun 20 | ![]() |
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[422] |
KY | Jun 23 | ![]() |
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[423] |
NY | Jun 23 | ![]() |
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[424] |
NJ | Jul 7 | ![]() |
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[425] |
Candidates listed in italics have suspended their campaigns.
While the 2020 Democratic National Convention was scheduled to take place in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on July 13–16, 2020,[426][427][428] it has now been delayed to the week of August 17 due to concerns over the COVID-19 pandemic.[7][361]
In addition to Milwaukee, the DNC also considered bids from three other cities: Houston, Texas;[429] Miami Beach, Florida;[430] and Denver, Colorado. Denver, though, was immediately withdrawn from consideration by representatives for the city, who cited scheduling conflicts.[431]
This is an overview of the money being raised and spent by each campaign for the entire period running from January 1, 2017, to February 29, 2020, as it was reported to the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Total raised is the sum of all individual contributions (large and small), loans from the candidate, and transfers from other campaign committees. The last column, Cash On Hand (COH), has been calculated by subtracting the "spent" amount from the "raised" amount, thereby showing the remaining cash each campaign had available for its future spending as of February 29, 2020.[update] As of February 29, 2020, the major candidates have raised $989,234,992.08.
Candidate | Total raised | Individual contributions | Debt | Spent | COH | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Unitemized | Pct | |||||
Joe Biden[432] | $87,922,404 | $87,787,513 | $33,451,394 | 36.26% | $0 | $75,951,350 | $12,098,450 |
Michael Bennet[433] | $7,314,141 | $6,597,792 | $2,243,458 | 34.00% | $0 | $6,901,994 | $412,147 |
Michael Bloomberg[434] | $464,145,124 | $0 | $0 | N/A | $47,933,276 | $409,006,814 | $55,138,310 |
Cory Booker[435] | $25,773,192 | $22,775,586 | $7,705,102 | 33.83% | $999,464 | $23,408,711 | $2,364,481 |
Steve Bullock[436] | $5,507,473 | $5,489,527 | $1,754,316 | 31.96% | $0 | $5,384,711 | $122,762 |
Pete Buttigieg[437] | $101,548,830 | $100,808,451 | $43,457,039 | 43.11% | $0 | $89,833,066 | $10,299,464 |
Julian Castro[438] | $10,302,020 | $10,264,194 | $6,620,621 | 64.50% | $0 | $9,740,367 | $561,654 |
Bill de Blasio[439] | $1,423,262 | $1,423,223 | $141,984 | 9.98% | $30,351 | $1,415,240 | $8,022 |
John Delaney[440] | $29,096,044 | $2,582,552 | $346,526 | 13.42% | $11,408,250 | $29,005,275 | $112,812 |
Tulsi Gabbard[441] | $13,705,808 | $11,105,804 | $6,557,690 | 59.05% | $604,695 | $11,695,759 | $2,010,048 |
Kirsten Gillibrand[442] | $15,951,180 | $6,278,790 | $1,979,345 | 31.52% | $0 | $14,489,189 | $1,461,991 |
Mike Gravel[443] | $330,059 | $330,059 | $322,076 | 97.58% | $0 | $239,833 | $6,290 |
Kamala Harris[444] | $40,844,081 | $39,239,581 | $15,734,549 | 40.10% | $1,073,365 | $39,464,670 | $1,419,411 |
John Hickenlooper[445] | $3,509,464 | $3,352,659 | $562,301 | 16.77% | $75,000 | $3,504,779 | $4,686 |
Amy Klobuchar[446] | $34,478,549 | $30,843,861 | $13,127,196 | 42.56% | $0 | $31,615,426 | $2,863,124 |
Jay Inslee[447] | $6,936,980 | $6,911,292 | $3,455,790 | 50.00% | $0 | $6,886,750 | $50,231 |
Wayne Messam[448] | $126,918 | $124,318 | $38,835 | 31.24% | $81,876 | $126,918 | $0 |
Seth Moulton[449] | $2,288,715 | $1,497,825 | $342,499 | 22.87% | $182,328 | $2,187,344 | $59,433 |
Richard Ojeda[450] | $119,478 | $77,476 | $48,742 | 62.91% | $44,373 | $117,507 | $1,971 |
Beto O'Rourke[451] | $18,469,516 | $18,447,981 | $9,436,271 | 51.15% | $10,825 | $18,108,263 | $361,253 |
Deval Patrick[452] | $2,277,907 | $1,877,907 | $202,953 | 10.81% | $400,000 | $871,301 | $1,406,606 |
Tim Ryan[453] | $1,341,246 | $1,285,074 | $435,024 | 33.85% | $0 | $1,340,948 | $304 |
Bernie Sanders[454] | $181,766,183 | $168,556,191 | $98,338,553 | 61.13% | $0 | $163,072,626 | $18,693,557 |
Joe Sestak[455] | $449,345 | $440,127 | $107,002 | 24.31% | $0 | $445,768 | $3,577 |
Tom Steyer[456] | $271,575,679 | $3,555,597 | $2,434,938 | 68.48% | $24,000 | $253,718,074 | $17,857,605 |
Eric Swalwell[457] | $2,604,856 | $892,373 | $340,385 | 38.14% | $0 | $2,604,856 | $0 |
Elizabeth Warren[458] | $93,028,095 | $81,494,833 | $48,480,591 | 59.49% | $400,000 | $90,728,115 | $2,299,980 |
Marianne Williamson[459] | $7,982,761 | $7,976,999 | $4,593,985 | 57.59% | $249,741 | $7,656,371 | $326,390 |
Andrew Yang[460] | $31,734,224 | $31,644,175 | $16,635,560 | 52.57% | $2,010 | $28,013,997 | $3,720,227 |
Joe Biden |
Michael Bloomberg |
Pete Buttigieg |
Amy Klobuchar |
Bernie Sanders |
Tom Steyer |
Elizabeth Warren |
Tie |
Other |
Winner not yet declared |
Half of 3,979 is 1,989.5. Democratic National Committee officials say that on the first ballot, a candidate must win one delegate more than that, or 1,990.5, which is rounded up to reach the magic number: 1,991. (If a candidate won 1,990 pledged delegates on the first ballot, D.N.C. officials say, that would not be sufficient.)
On the first ballot of the presidential roll call, only pledged delegates will be permitted to vote unless a presidential candidate has been certified by the DNC Secretary to have obtained a number of pledged delegates equal to a majority of all pledged and automatic delegates to the Convention9, at which point automatic delegates will also be permitted to vote on the first ballot. In the event that a nominating contest moves beyond the first ballot of the presidential roll call, all pledged and automatic delegates will be permitted to vote for a presidential candidate on all subsequent ballots until a nominee is chosen.
A few states use divisions other than congressional districts. For example, Texas uses state senatorial districts. However, the broad point is the same - there are separate statewide and 'local' proportional delegate allocations.
|title=
at position 112 (help)